10 July 2012
NURSING PROCEDURE “BACK MASSAGE”
1. Definition
Relaxation
is the act of relaxing the mind and body, and can also be defined as the state
of being relaxed.
Relaxation therapy is learning the different ways of how to reduce the
body's stress response. The stress response might be in terms of tight muscles
that clench up because of stress.
A relaxation technique (also known as relaxation training) is any method,
process, procedure, or activity that helps a person to relax; to attain a state of increased calmness; or otherwise reduce levels of anxiety, stress or anger. Relaxation techniques are often employed as
one element of a wider stress management program and can
decrease muscle tension, lower the blood pressure and slow heart and breath
rates, among other health benefits.
Relaxation is the way to make our
mind or body more relaxed. No physical or psychological stress.
Relaxation techniques are
particularly effective for chronic pain and gives several advantages, among
others :
ü Relaxation will reduce the anxiety associated
with pain or stress
ü Reduce muscle aches
ü Help
individuals to forget
the pain
ü Increase the period of rest and
sleep
ü Improve the effectiveness of other
pain therapies
ü Reduces feelings of helplessness and
depression arising from pain
Massage
done to manipulate the tissue in rhythm. Effects on tissue physiology and
psychological effects on the psychic clients. In physiology, message causes
peripheral vasodilation which increases the exchange of nutrients and metabolic
waste products. Vascular stimulation relaxes back muscles, causing
psychological and emotional comfort of the client. Massage is generally done at ekstremitas, neck, back.
Massage
is an activity done by pressing the body / muscle gently to make someone more
comfortable.
1.
Stroking (effleurage) is an activity use surface hand, this
move follow vena sirculation.
2.
Kneading (petrissage) is a squeezing movement by
holding the tissue between the fingers.
3.
Tapping (tapotement) is movement by using the edge of the
hand to stimulate circulation ulnar
4.
Friction is circular motion using the palm of the hand,
carried out in the direction of the vena circulation to the heart
5.
Vibrasi is an activity using the palm of the hand to provide
vibration
Ø Back massage
Back massage is usually given in
conjunction with the activities of bathing the client. Can also be done on
other occasions when a client seems to have a risk of developing skin
irritation due to bed rest.
The
goal is to do a back massage
to enhance relaxation,
reduce muscle tension,
and stimulate circulation.
Performed
a back massage is
contraindicated in clients with vertebral fractures, rib
fractures, burns, open wounds, bleeding,
or heart attack. Indications of a back massage is
performed on a patient
bed rest
The
desired outcome of the procedure
back massage are :
-
Clients
feel refreshed and
relaxed, as evidenced by verbal or nonverbal
response
-
The blood supply
to the muscles and skin of the back,
evidenced by a change in skin color and warmth
-
Clients
who feel pain to
feel more comfortable after
a back massage, as evidenced by non-verbal and verbal response.
Ø Procedure back massage
a. Pre Interaction Stage
1.
Check nursing note and medical report of the patient
2.
Identify clients’s need of back massage
3.
Assess clients’s conditions:
a.
Condition of clients’s body which will be given
massage
b.
Illness characteristic of clients
4.
Wash hands
5.
Prepare the equipment :
a.
Blanket
b.
small bowl
c.
lotion
d.
towel
e.
gloves
6.
Wash your hands
b. Orientation Stage
7.
Giving a greeting by
calling the clients
and explain the procedure action.
Dialog : “Good morning sir, I’m nurse Nyoman, how are you today?
at this morning, I would like to massage your back. This procedure is aimed to improve
your blood circulation. I need 20 minutes for this procedure”.
c. Work Stage
8.
Give oportunity for clients to complain and ask a question
before doing procedure
Dialog : “before doing this procedure, do you have any question? or sigh?
9.
Keep the clients’s privacy
10. Handwashing
11. Use the
gloves
12. Advice clients retell nurse if the condition gets better or worse after massage
Dialog
: “please tell me if you feel sick sir”.
13. Set
the position of the
client
Dialog
: “excuse me sir, I would like to set your potition”.
14. Scrub the lotion on hand surface and
then well doing massage (10 minutes)
Dialog
: “now, I would like to massage your body
sir”.
15. Starting massage with stroking move
start from the hip to soulder for eight times. change the massage move with kneading
and friction technique (like a strocking
massage).
16. Finish the massage with vibration
technique
17. Clean lubrication
residue from client’s back
18. Help client take shirt and set
comfortable position
19. Hand washing
d. Termination Stage
20. Evaluate procedure
result ( subjective and objective)
21. Give positive
reinforcement for client
Dialog : “ Sir, I am finished giving massage to you, how do
you feel?”.
22. Contract next meeting
(procedure, time, place)
Dialog : “For the next
15 minutes, I will give you a medicine in this place”.
23. Finish the procedure
Dialog : “ Before I leave, do you have any question?”.
“thanks for your cooperation sir, good morning.”
e. Dokumentation Stage
Write down the procedure on the nurse
documentation.
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