Good
morning ledies and gentlemen, Good morning my honoreble instructor, And good
morning my friends. Thanks for the opportunity you given to me to standing in
front of you to present my speech about “The Gastrointestinal System”, before I
started, I wont to say thank you for God, because of his blessing we can meet
here in this “english lesson”, in my speech I just wan tell you about
gastrointestinal system in the general knowledge.
Ledies and Gentlemen
, We need food to fuel our bodies for energy, growth and repair. The digestive
system converts the foods we eat into their simplest forms, like glucose
(sugars), amino acids (that make up protein) or fatty acids (that make up
fats). The broken-down food is then absorbed into the bloodstream from the
small intestine and the nutrients are carried to each cell in the body.
The
digestive tract begins at the mouth and ends at the anus. It is like a long
muscular tube, up to 10 metres long, with digestive organs attached along the
way.
A
large reservoir of microbes, such as bacteria, live within the large intestine
and, to a lesser degree, in vthe rest of the digestive system. These bacteria
play an important role in healthy digestion. The exact types of bacteria are
particular to each person. Other factors that influence the type of bacteria in
your digestive system include where you live in the world, what health
conditions you have and what medications you have received.
Ledies and Gentlemen
, Digestion begins in the mouth. The food is ground up by the teeth and
moistened with saliva to make it easy to swallow. Saliva also has a special
chemical, called an enzyme, which starts breaking down carbohydrates into
sugars. Once swallowed, muscular contractions of the oesophagus massage the
ball of food down into the stomach.
The
food passes through a sphincter, or small muscle ring, into the stomach. Here
it is mixed with gastric juices. The stomach is a muscular bag and it churns
the food to help break it down mechanically as well as chemically. The food is
then squeezed through a second sphincter into the first part of the small
intestine, called the duodenum.
Once
in the duodenum, the food is mixed with more digestive enzymes from the
pancreas and bile from the liver. Food is then squeezed into the lower parts of
the small intestine, called the jejunum and the ileum. Nutrients are absorbed
from the ileum, which is lined with millions of finger-like projections called
villi. Each villus is connected to a mesh of capillaries. This is how nutrients
pass into the bloodstream.
Ledies and Gentlemen
all, The pancreas is one of the largest glands in the human body. As well as
digestive juices, it secretes a hormone called insulin. Insulin helps to
regulate the amount of sugar in the blood. Diabetes is a condition caused by
problems with insulin production.
The liver has a number of different roles in the body, including:
·
Breaking down fats, using bile stored in
the gall bladder
·
Processing proteins and carbohydrates
·
Filtering and processing impurities,
drugs and toxins
·
Generation of glucose for short-term
energy needs from other compounds like lactate and amino acids.
Once all the nutrients have been absorbed, the waste is moved into the large intestine, or bowel. Water is removed and the waste (faeces) is stored in the rectum. It can then be passed out of the body through the anus.
Ok ladies and gentlemen that's all about The
Gastrointestinal System. Thank's for your attention to listening my speech, and
I'm sorry if that some bad words thank you.